Project Title: Infectious Disease in East Africa. A behavioural and Economic Research collaborative
Project Description: Tuberculosis (TB) is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide, and a leading cause of infectious disease ranking above HIV/AIDS with 10.0 million TB cases 1.4 million deaths in 2017. TB control is still a global challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa with a high HIV-TB burden. Approximately 85% of the global burden of TB is due to pulmonary TB. Diagnosis and the performance of laboratory testing for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis depend on obtaining... Tuberculosis (TB) is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide, and a leading cause of infectious disease ranking above HIV/AIDS with 10.0 million TB cases 1.4 million deaths in 2017. TB control is still a global challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa with a high HIV-TB burden. Approximately 85% of the global burden of TB is due to pulmonary TB. Diagnosis and the performance of laboratory testing for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis depend on obtaining adequate sputum samples as well as the quality of sputum samples collected, particularly in primary health care settings. For TB diagnosis, presumptive TB cases with coughing for more than two weeks are asked to spontaneously produce sputum from the lungs. However, in up to one-third of TB cases, an adequate biological sample is not readily available or has a very low concentration of TB bacilli because patients often give saliva from the mouth, which decreases the sensitivity of the test and subsequently results in missed diagnosis. National TB prevalence survey data in Tanzania has shown that the case detection rate of infectious TB might be as low as 50%. Possible explanations include sub-optimal diagnostic procedures and a lack of knowledge about the disease. In this study, IHI will examine the hypothesis that the use of an instructional video affects the diagnostic quality of sputum samples and the rates of TB case detection in different settings with a bigger sample size. Furthermore, the team will examine the hypothesis that the instructional video has added value in increased knowledge on sputum submission and improved case detection among women. Based on these hypotheses, our primary aim is to evaluate whether showing patients an instructional video on sputum collection increases the quality of sputum samples and the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Furthermore, our secondary aim is to assess whether gender differences in the video and the subject affect sputum quality. Finally, we will evaluate the knowledge and cultural ideas about TB and sputum submission pre and post-viewing video overall, across settings and gender in a qualitative study.
Principal Investigator : Grace Mhalu
Department Name :
Time frame: (2019-07-01) - (2023-06-01)
Foundation for National Institute of Health (Normal)
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